Part 1 · Quick Facts
Skim daily for memory recall. Every bullet was distilled from a real TEAS-style question.
CARDIOVASCULAR
- Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body
- Bicuspid valve prevents blood backflow into left atrium during systole
- Sinoatrial node generates electrical impulses for heartbeat
- Erythropoietin (EPO) increases red blood cell production
- Myocardium is the thickest, muscular layer of the heart wall
- Nicotine causes arterial vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure
- Increased sympathetic nerve output results in a faster heartbeat
- Diffusion down a concentration gradient moves CO2 into alveoli
- Blood alcohol level is a function of body weight and drinks
- Red blood cells' primary function is carrying oxygen to cells
- Plasma best shows all absorbed solutes entering the bloodstream
RESPIRATORY
- Damage to alveoli prevents blood from being oxygenated
- Spirometry measures pulmonary ventilation of the lungs
- Carbon dioxide moves into alveoli by diffusion down concentration gradient
- Epithelial layer gets thinner from primary bronchi to bronchioles
- Most gas exchange occurs in the alveoli
- Gas CO2 particles occupying more space increases pressure upon sublimation
- Hyperventilation leads to abnormally low blood carbon dioxide levels
- Normal breathing helps maintain proper blood carbon dioxide levels
- Carbonic acid neutralizes OH- ions to resist blood pH changes
- An increase in exercise rate decreases blood oxygen amount
NERVOUS
- Repolarization of a neuron is opening of potassium channels
- Nodes of Ranvier are gaps between Schwann cells on axon
- Myelin sheath facilitates rapid action potential movement down axon
- Acetylcholine causes skeletal muscle contraction
- Synapse is the gap between two nerve cells
- Water leaves nerve cells with rapidly increasing salt concentrations (crenation)
- Afferent neurons are part of the peripheral nervous system
- Brain-to-body mass ratio is largest in humans
- Innter ear cochlea connects to the auditory nerve
- Merkel cells are touch receptors in the skin
- Spindle fibers attach to centromere during cell division
- Osteoclasts secrete acids to dissolve bony matrix of bones
- The Piloerector muscle causes goose bumps via thermoregulation
ENDOCRINE
- Pituitary gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- Pancreas secretes glucagon when blood glucose levels fall
- Aldosterone regulates sodium reabsorption in the kidneys
- Parathyroid hormone release increases calcium in blood
- Hypertrophy of thyroid due to lack of iodine causes neck swelling (goiter)
- Uterine contractions strengthen, causing release of more oxytocin (positive feedback)
- Destruction of pancreatic beta cells results in Type 1 diabetes
- Insulin secreted by beta cells lowers blood glucose levels
- Progesterone from corpus luteum is necessary for implantation
- Normal human body temperature is 37°C
DIGESTIVE
- Tongue assists maneuvering food to the back of the mouth
- Pancreas releases sodium bicarbonate into small intestine
- Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins
- Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa is GI tract layer order
- Parietal cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid
- The actin and myosin muscles work to pull the bones
- Smooth muscle tissue is responsible for peristalsis in the sigmoid colon
MUSCULOSKELETAL
- Sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases calcium for muscle contraction
- Connective tissue is specialized for support and protection
- Connective tissue forms tendons like the Achilles tendon
- Achondroplasia adults have Aa (heterozygous) genotype
- Cells with many mitochondria are likely muscle cells
- Lack of ATP prevents myosin heads from detaching from actin
- Tibia is classified as a long bone
- Skull is part of the axial skeleton
- Latissimus dorsi is a muscle in the back
- The jaw is an example of a hinge joint
REPRODUCTIVE
- Male seminiferous tubule blockage prevents sperm entering epididymis
- Vas deferens is severed during a vasectomy procedure
- Meiosis produces gametes (sex cells)
- Perineum contains orifices of urinary, digestive, reproductive systems
- Gametes are haploid sex cells
- DNA base pairing rules are A-T and G-C
IMMUNE / LYMPHATIC
- Immune system prevents infection from bacteria in a cut
- Macrophage is an antigen-presenting cell
- Dermcidin and cathelicidin are antimicrobial peptides
- Yersinia pestis is transmitted by biting fleas/infected rats
- Mother passing antibodies to child through breast milk is passive immunity
- Antigens through vaccination is an example of active immunity
- Protozoa are unicellular microorganisms possessing nuclei and cilia causing infection
- Histamine causes blood vessels to dilate
URINARY
- Urea is excreted by sweat glands from protein breakdown
- Nephron filtrate order: proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, collecting duct
- Glomerulus produces filtrate processed by renal tubule
- Urethra connects bladder to outside of a woman's body
- Water reabsorption increases at the collecting duct due to ADH
- Ureter is a macroscopic component of the genitourinary system
INTEGUMENTARY
- Stratum basale contains stem cells for new skin cells
- Integumentary system functions include storage of fat
- Sebaceous glands produce oily substance lubricating hair and skin
- Cutaneous membrane is associated with the skin
- Melanin is the primary contributor to skin color
CELLS / GENETICS
- Cell membrane is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
- Cell membrane and DNA contain phosphate groups
- Photosynthesis stores light energy in organic molecules
- Retroviruses contain RNA as genetic material
- Crossing over between non-sister chromatids exchanges genetic material
- Pluripotent stem cells differentiate into most cell types
- Cell differentiation is a stem cell becoming a muscle cell
- Ribosome problem indicated if genetic info copied but no proteins
- Rough ER is system of interconnected tubes for protein production
- Mitochondria are enriched in skeletal muscle cells due to energy demand
- Metabolism is cellular respiration
- DNA sequence 5' AGCTAGCGT 3' has complementary 3' TCGATCGCA 5'
- mRNA 5' ACGCAUGGCAAAAAAAA 3' template DNA is 3' TGCGTACCGTTTTTTT 5'
- Nucleotide nitrogen base determines pyrimidine or purine type
- A double-recessive trait (aa) describes a genotype
- Substitution mutation maintains codon reading frame
- Amino acids are monomers with buffering capacity
- A true-breeding blue (BB) with white (bb) gives all heterozygous (Bb)
CHEMISTRY
- All atoms of an element have the same number of protons
- Acidic solution has a pH less than 7 (e.g., 5)
- A substance with pH 3 is 10 times more acidic than pH 4
- Crystal lattice arrangement of solid water explains why ice floats
- Density increases if volume constant, mass increases
- Sublimation causes CO2 to change directly from solid to gas
- Balance is used to measure mass
- 1 M solution: 53.6 g of NH4Cl in 1 L of water
- Le Chatelier's principle: increasing reactants favors product formation
- Oxygen atom of water attracted to sodium cations in NaCl solution
- H2O has stronger intermolecular bonds than H2S
- Valence of atoms in a group (column) remains unchanged
- Solid carbon dioxide occupies the least volume
- Sulfur (S2-) has 16 protons, 16 neutrons, 18 electrons
- Benzene (0.88 g/mL) floats on water (1.00 g/mL)
- Mg3N2 is correct chemical formula based on valences
- Ionic bond is present in a salt molecule (NaCl)
- pH 10 solution has a hydroxide ion concentration of 10^-4
BIOLOGY BASICS
- All cells have a cell membrane
- Photosynthesis releases oxygen
- Enzyme-catalyzed reactions slow at high temperatures due to denaturation
- Bacterial cell is likely to have the smallest surface area
- Cells are the simplest living unit
- Proteases can digest an enzyme
- Flagella are associated with the basal body structure
- A psychrophile has optimal growth near 0 degrees Celsius
- RNA nucleotides contain the sugar ribose
- Messenger RNA (RNA) carries genetic information to ribosomes
- Cystic fibrosis is a noninfectious genetic disease
- The medium light intensity in a study promotes the highest algae growth
- Macrophages have the ability to engulf other cells
- Dict B had higher amino acids than Diet A based on egg protein
- A population to grow despite high infant mortality needs higher birth rates
SCIENTIFIC REASONING
- Repeating experiment in natural environment increases validity
- Worm infestation reduces severity of certain autoimmune disorders
- Controlled experiment provides the most reliable data
- Color of cellophane is an independent variable
- Exploring alternative explanations for partial hypothesis support is crucial
- Placebo group serves as the control in an experiment
- Family history is relevant for studying hereditary sleep apnea
- Generalizing scientific findings requires experimental validity and replication
- Generating a hypothesis is the first step before experimentation
- Testable hypothesis: walking 3 miles/day lowers blood pressure
- A good hypothesis must be testable through experimentation
- Repeating an experiment verifies validity of original findings
- An increase in drug concentration beyond 8 mg/mL has no further effect
- Venn diagram best shows overlap between different organisms
- Scientific argument makes testable predictions experimentally
- Birds with longer beaks access hidden food better
- Cooling rate of water affected by different solutes question
- 15 protons, 16 neutrons, 18 electrons for given anion
Part 2 · Now Its Own Page
437 Rapid-Fire TEAS Science Q&A
Searchable, filterable by body system, and easy to share — open the full 437-question study set on its own page.